Company Name: Bitwise Asset Management
Founders: Hong Kim and Hunter Horsley
Date Founded: December 2016
Location of Headquarters: San Francisco, CA and New York, NY
Amount of Bitcoin Held in Treasury: Undisclosed
Number of Employees: 65
Website: https://bitwiseinvestments.com/
Public or Private? Private
In 2016, Hong Kim and his co-founder at Bitwise Asset Management (Bitwise), Hunter Horsely, were living the startup life — working from a living room in San Francisco and looking for a project that they could develop into a business.
While experimenting with various ideas, none of which were gaining much traction, their friends wouldn’t shut up about Bitcoin. Plus, by early 2016, every venture capital firm in Silicon Valley was focused on Bitcoin, as well.
“We wanted to avoid it for a long time because [there was] too much hype,” Kim told Bitcoin Magazine. “But then, just by osmosis, we spent more and more time thinking about it.”
By the end of the year, after doing their homework on Bitcoin, Kim and Horsely had incorporated Bitwise, a bitcoin-first crypto asset management firm that would provide wrappers for bitcoin so that customers could purchase these assets via traditional brokerages.
Eight years later, Bitwise was one of the 11 US firms to issue a spot bitcoin ETF; it’s currently the 5th largest US spot bitcoin ETF as per the amount of assets under management (AUM). This is in part due to the Bitcoin enthusiasts who’ve purchased it because of how Bitwise has maintained the Bitcoin ethos as it’s interfaced with Wall Street.
Bitwise vs. All Other Spot Bitcoin ETF Issuers
There are a number of factors that differentiate the Bitwise Bitcoin ETF (BITB) from its competitors.
For one, Bitwise is the only company that issues a US spot bitcoin ETF that publishes the addresses of its bitcoin holdings, embracing the idea of transparency, a core Bitcoin tenet.
Announcement: Today the Bitwise Bitcoin ETF (BITB) becomes the first U.S. bitcoin ETF to publish the bitcoin addresses of its holdings.
Now anyone can verify BITB's holdings and flows directly on the blockchain.
Onchain transparency is core to Bitcoin's ethos. We're proud to… pic.twitter.com/1JTUh3zvDE
— Bitwise (@BitwiseInvest) January 24, 2024
“Even now, many, many months have passed and still we’re the only Bitcoin ETF that discloses its holding addresses,” said Kim. “You can go to a Bitcoin block explorer and check our on-chain holdings.”
Kim also made the point that Bitwise is the only spot bitcoin ETF issuer that proactively communicates with its customers via social media.
“We are on Twitter talking about a product and answering questions,” explained Kim.
“I’ll explain anything and engage with the community. If there’s anything they’re upset about [regarding] the products, they can yell at us and we respond and take them seriously,” he added.
What is more, Kim pointed out that Bitcoin remains Bitwise’s primary focus, which makes the company much different from other spot bitcoin ETF issuers like BlackRock or Invesco who manage a plethora of other types of assets.
“We’ve been around for seven years or so and this is the only thing that we talk about,” said Kim.
“When prices go down when there’s a bear market, We don’t rotate to emerging markets or fixed income or whatever,” he added.
“There might not be that big of a difference between BlackRock and Invesco or BlackRock or Franklin Templeton, but there’s a big difference between BlackRock and Bitwise.”
Lastly, Bitwise has committed to giving 10% of its ETF fee profits to three nonprofits that support Bitcoin Core developers — OpenSats, Brink and the Human Rights Foundation (HRF) — for 10 years.
Donating To Open-Source Developers
While many in the Bitcoin community have praised Bitwise for donating to Bitcoin Core developers, Kim sees this contribution as more of an obligation and less as a sacrifice.
“As a Bitcoiner, I feel that it’s not really a donation,” said Kim.
“The US taxpayer doesn’t think that they’re donating to the military budget,” he added.
“That’s not a donation. That’s your security budget.”
Kim went on to explain that while Bitwise does manage some other crypto assets, two-thirds of the company’s holdings is bitcoin. For this reason, he views supporting Bitcoin Core developers as contributing the technology that buoys his livelihood.
“If you’re like BlackRock, where you have all sorts of other [assets] and bitcoin is only one of them, then maybe you don’t feel that way,” Kim said in regard to why a company like Bitwise cares about bitcoin more than some of the bigger traditional financial institutions that issued spot bitcoin ETFs.
“If you are like me or are in an economic situation like me and you care enough about Bitcoin, then it’s not an optional matter that the Bitcoin network is as secure as it can be,” he added.
Kim, Bitwise’s CTO, who has a background in cybersecurity, explained why open-source developers are essential to Bitcoin, noting that many who don’t understand how open-source technology works misperceive what Bitcoin developers do. He made the argument that the majority of Bitcoin developers aren’t there to make radical changes to Bitcoin, but to keep it functional as it interfaces with other software.
“You can have an opinion about the latest contentious soft fork proposal or whatever, but 95% of the devs that we’re talking about don’t work on that,” Kim explained.
“The 50 or so core devs that do this day in and day out, that’s not what they’re spending time on. Whenever there’s a new version of Linux or Mac or Windows, guess what — we need to make sure that Bitcoin Core compiles on that version,” he continued.
“Somebody needs to make sure that the software we depend upon continues to be compatible, well-documented, and runnable.”
On A Mission
While Bitwise does a lot to differentiate itself from its competitors, Kim wants Bitwise to do something more profound than just being one of the better US spot bitcoin ETF issuers.
“There are ways of thinking about a business as the product [it offers] or how it’s different from its competitors, but I think there’s another way of looking at a company as like, ‘What are you here to do?’” explained Kim.
He shares that he and Horsely didn’t start by asking themselves this question, though, now, it seems to be at the forefront of his mind.
“I want Bitwise to be the company that helps accelerate and guide this movement, because it’s such an important thing for the world to have public money that everyone can access and that nobody controls,” said Kim.
After sharing this, Kim acknowledged what he felt many might be thinking as they read this: You’re offering exposure to bitcoin’s price within the walled garden of traditional finance.
“TradFi and Bitcoin culture are inevitably colliding and people rightfully have concerns and some kind of dissonance about that,” said Kim. “That was really top of mind for me.”
Kim reiterated that this is why Bitwise chose to donate to open-source Bitcoin developers, make their Bitcoin addresses public and engage with the Bitcoin community. And he also shared some information on what Bitwise is working on next: redeemable bitcoin.
Redeemable Bitcoin
Bitwise is currently speaking with policymakers in Washington, DC in efforts to have Bitwise facilitate in-kind redemptions of bitcoin from the Bitwise Bitcoin ETF. In layperson’s terms, Kim wants Bitwise customers to be able to withdraw the bitcoin in which they’ve invested via the ETF if they so please, whereas, right now, customers can only withdraw the cash value of the bitcoin in which they’ve invested via bitcoin ETF.
“There are gold ETFs where you can redeem, even as an individual retail investor, and get gold coins and bars delivered to your door,” explained Kim.
“You redeem in-kind without incurring a taxable event. There’s no reason that a bitcoin ETF shouldn’t be able to do that,” he added.
“That would be a product that I would be proud of.”
Kim believes that if Bitwise can make redeemable bitcoin a reality for investors, then spot bitcoin ETFs like BITB have the potential to become some of the biggest on-ramps to Bitcoin.
“Bitcoin ETFs are a huge improvement [in Bitcoin onboarding] in that most people have brokerage accounts,” said Kim, who added that it’s much easier to get family and friends to invest in bitcoin when they don’t have to go through the hassle of setting up an account with a Bitcoin or crypto exchange.
“If your uncle at the Thanksgiving table is convinced and wants to put $100 into bitcoin, you no longer have to go, ‘Wait a minute. First buy a ledger for $40…’ [Now, it’s] just two taps and you have a hundred Dollars worth of Bitcoin exposure,” he added.
“But then, at any point in their journey, if they are so inclined, they can withdraw that. And in that sense, it can become a really clean and simple on-ramp.”
While Kim acknowledged that many are skeptical this will ever happen — speculating that Wall Street wants as much bitcoin within walled gardens as possible — he also noted that many felt the same way about the spot bitcoin ETFs ever being issued. He requested some patience as Bitwise persists in its efforts to knock down the wall between Bitcoin and traditional finance.
“There’s a way of looking at Bitcoin ETFs as a clean and easy on-ramp and off-ramp and the lowest friction one for the average person,” said Kim.
“That would be my ideal world, and that is a world that Bitwise is currently working on,” he added.
“In that world, the ETFs and the on-chain world aren’t as separate, but rather they can have a close relationship.”